РАЗГРАНИЧЕНИЕ ПРЕСТУПЛЕНИЙ И АДМИНИСТРАТИВНЫХ ПРАВОНАРУШЕНИЙ В СФЕРЕ ЭКОЛОГИИ: СРАВНИТЕЛЬНО-ПРАВОВОЙ АНАЛИЗ ЗАКОНОДАТЕЛЬСТВА КАЗАХСТАНА И УЗБЕКИСТАНА
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экологические преступления, административные правонарушения, разграничение ответственности, сравнительно-правовой анализ, охрана окружающей среды, экологическая безопасность##article.abstract##
Ushbu maqolada Qozog‘iston Respublikasi va O‘zbekiston Respublikasi qonunchiligida ekologiya sohasidagi jinoyatlar va ma’muriy huquqbuzarliklarni chegaralsh xususiyatlari ko‘rib chiqiladi. Har ikki respublikaning tabiatni muhofaza qilish qonunchiligi buzilganligi uchun javobgarlikni tartibga soluvchi Jinoyat kodeksi va Ma’muriy javobgarlik to‘g‘risidagi kodekslar normalari tahlil qilingan. Muallifning qayd etishicha, ekologik huquqbuzarliklar o‘rmonlarni noqonuniy kesish va suv obyektlarini ifloslantirishdan tortib, brakonyerlik va chiqindilar bilan bog‘liq ishlarni amalga oshirish qoidalariga rioya qilmaslikgacha bo‘lgan turli shakllarga ega. Ekologik ma’muriy huquqbuzarliklarni ekologik jinoyatlardan ajratish imkonini beruvchi aniq mezonlarning yo‘qligi eng muhim muammo hisoblanadi. Bu huquqni qo‘llashda qiyinchiliklarga, qonunning profilaktik ta’sirining pasayishiga va atrof-muhitni muhofaza qilish tizimining samarasizligiga olib kelmoqda. Qozog‘iston va O‘zbekiston qonunchiligining qiyosiy tahlili shuni ko‘rsatadiki, har ikki davlat ham o‘xshash yondashuvlarni qo‘llaydilar, ammo huquqiy siyosat va milliy ustuvorliklar bilan bog‘liq jiddiy farqlarga ham ega. Maqolada milliy me’yorlarni xalqaro standartlar bilan uyg‘unlashtirish, atrof-muhitga yetkazilgan zararni baholashning xolis mezonlarini joriy etish, sud amaliyotini rivojlantirish va raqamli monitoring texnologiyalarini qo‘llash zarurligi asoslanadi. Shuningdek, muallif amalga oshirilgan mazkur tadqiqot ishida atrof-muhit muhofazasi sohasida sodir etilgan huquqbuzarliklar uchun keltirilgan zararni hisoblash tartibi masalasiga ham alohida e’tibor qaratgan. Maqolada ekologiya sohasidagi jinoyatlar va ma’muriy huquqbuzarliklarning chegaralanishini takomillashtirish ekologik xavfsizlikni mustahkamlash va tabiatdan barqaror foydalanish samaradorligini oshirish imkonini beradi, degan xulosaga kelindi.
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